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LP
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IMPREC 478LP
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Dr. John Chowning (b. 1934) is a pioneering computer musician, composer and professor who, in 1967, discovered the original FM synthesis technique. This breakthrough in electronic music allowed for simple, yet rich timbres described as sounding "real." With this discovery, Chowning composed singular, dramatic electronic music and changed the timbre of music forever. Chowning utilized the potential of computers to synthesize sounds according to programmed instructions. The composer's use of his own FM algorithms, digital synthesis with computers and the new compositional concepts offered by a programmable musical structure combine to create some of the most original and unique electronic music ever created. The compositions on this LP were realized between 1966 and 1981 and the music on this LP, with the exception of "Stria," was originally released on CD in Germany (Wergo, 1988). The version of "Stria" included here contains a section not included on the Wergo CD. Thus, this version of "Stria" is complete. This is the first time these purely digital recordings have been released on an analog medium. The original dynamics of these groundbreaking compositions have been preserved on this LP. As a result, listeners are advised to increase volume with caution. In 1975, John Chowning founded the CCRMA -- Center For Computer Research In Music and Acoustics at Stanford University. Through Stanford, Chowning licensed his groundbreaking algorithms to Yamaha resulting in numerous new instruments including the iconic DX series of keyboards. In 1972, his composition "Turenas," which is included on this LP, was the first to create the illusion of continuous 360-degree space using four speakers. All pieces on this LP are originally quadrophonic. The illusion of moving sound sources is thus projected from the surrounding environment given by four loud-speakers on the stereo-basis. The master tape of the original CD was made directly from the computer system at CCRMA which generated and stored the sound data in digital format. No analog recording was involved at any stage of the production and editing process.
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